窒息氧合在临床麻醉中的研究进展

Research progress on apnoeic oxygenation in clinical anesthesia

中文关键词: 窒息氧合  经鼻高流量氧疗  气道管理

英文关键词: Apnoeic oxygenation  High-flow nasal oxygenation  Airway management

中文摘要:

      窒息氧合是指患者在没有自主呼吸或机械正压通气的情况下血液从肺部摄取氧气维持氧合。在全麻实施过程中，诱导后自主呼吸停止而安全的气道未建立之前，使用窒息氧合能在预充氧的基础上延长患者的安全呼吸暂停时间,从而减少气管插管的尝试次数，降低气道损伤以及低氧血症、血流动力学失代偿的发生率。近十年来，越来越多的窒息氧合技术已经被应用于不同的临床环境中，如围术期的气道管理和“无管麻醉”等。为进一步加深对窒息氧合的认识和了解其应用范围，本文根据现有关于窒息氧合机制、方法及临床应用的最新研究进行综述，为临床应用提供参考。

英文摘要:

      Apnoeic oxygenation (AO) is the uptake of oxygen from the lungs by the patient's blood to maintain oxygenation in the absence of spontaneous breathing or mechanical positive pressure ventilation. During the administration of general anesthesia, the use of AO prolongs the patient's safe apnea time on top of preoxygenation before voluntary respiration ceases after induction and a safe airway is established, which may reduce the number of attempts at endotracheal intubation, and decrease the incidence of airway injury, hypoxemia, and hemodynamic decompensation. Over the past decade, more and more AO techniques have been applied in different clinical settings, such as perioperative airway management and “tube-free anesthesia”. In order to deepen the understanding of AO and its applications, this article reviews the latest research progress on the mechanism, method and clinical application of AO for clinical applications provide reference.