腰方肌阻滞在髋关节术后镇痛中的应用

Advances of quadratus lumborum block in postoperative analgesia after hip joint surgery

中文关键词: 术后疼痛  髋关节  腰方肌阻滞  镇痛

英文关键词: Postoperative pain  Hip joint  Quadratus lumborum blook  Analgesia

中文摘要:

      髋关节手术创伤大，患者术后往往伴随中重度疼痛。安全且有效的术后镇痛可以有效促进患者的康复活动，有利于髋关节手术后患者早期功能恢复。常规使用的静脉自控镇痛虽然镇痛效果确切，但可能引起恶心呕吐、过度镇静、肠麻痹，甚至呼吸抑制等不良反应。腰方肌阻滞（QLB）作为一种替代腹横肌平面阻滞（TAPB）的技术。近年来逐渐应用于髋关节手术。本文通过对QLB的解剖基础、作用特点及其在髋关节手术中的应用作一综述，为QLB在髋关节术后镇痛中的应用提供参考。

英文摘要:

      Hip surgery is often associated with moderate to severe postoperative pain due to extensive invasion. A safe and effective postoperative pain treatment can promote patients' recovering activities and facilitate the early functional recovery of the hip after the surgery. Although the routinely used intravenous self-controlled analgesia has an exquisite analgesic effect, it carries the risks of postoperative nausea and emesis, excessive sedation, intestinal paralysis, and even respiratory depression. As an alternative to transversus abdominis plane block (TAPB), lumbar quadratus block (QLB) has been gradually applied to the hip joint surgery. In this paper, we review the anatomical basis and characteristics of QLB and its clinical application in hip surgery, in order to provide the postoperative analgesia application of QLB．