右美托咪定预防造影剂诱导急性肾损伤机制的研究进展

Research progress on the possible mechanism of dexmedetomidine in preventing contrast-induced acute kidney injury

中文关键词: 右美托咪定  造影剂  急性肾损伤

英文关键词: Dexmedetomidine  Contrast medium  Acute kidney injury

中文摘要:

      造影剂诱导急性肾损伤（CI-AKI）是在血管内应用造影剂（CM）进行诊断或治疗性血管造影干预后观察到的医源性急性肾损伤（AKI）。造影剂通过肾小管毒性、肾内血管收缩和活性氧（ROS）的过量产生等方面导致肾功能受损。右美托咪定（DEX）是一种选择性α₂肾上腺素能受体激动药，具有良好的抗氧化、抗炎作用，在围手术期的器官保护作用日益突显。DEX对患者术后肾功能具有保护作用。本文旨在对DEX对CI-AKI的预防作用、可能机制以及临床应用的研究进展作一综述。

英文摘要:

      Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is an iatrogenic acute kidney injury (AKI) observed after diagnostic or therapeutic angiographic interventions with the intravascular application of contrast media (CM). CM leads to impaired renal function through tubular toxicity, intrarenal vasoconstriction, and excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is a selective α₂ adrenergic receptor agonist that has been shown to have good antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, and its organ protective effect in the perioperative period is increasingly prominent. Several studies have found that DEX has an excellent protective effect on postoperative renal function. This article aims to explore the protective effect, possible mechanism, and clinical application of DEX in CI-AKI.