右美托咪定预防老年患者术后谵妄的研究进展

Research progress of dexmedetomidine in the prevention of postoperative delirium in elderly patients

中文关键词: 术后谵妄  右美托咪定  围术期  老年

英文关键词: Postoperative delirium  Dexmedetomidine  Perioperative period  Aged

中文摘要:

      术后谵妄（POD）是老年患者术后的常见并发症，此外，重症监护病房（ICU）患者和既往认知障碍患者也属于POD高危人群。然而，由于其机制尚不明确，目前尚缺乏有效治疗措施。近年来的研究表明右美托咪定可有效预防和减少老年患者POD的发生。本文综述了POD的概述、右美托咪定预防POD的相关机制及其预防老年患者POD的研究进展，以进一步优化围术期管理，减少POD的发生。

英文摘要:

      Postoperative delirium (POD) is a common complication of elderly patients after surgery. In addition, the incidence rate of high-risk patients such as patients in intensive care unit (ICU) and patients with previous cognitive dysfunction is also high. As the mechanism remains unclear, effective treatments are insufficient. In recent years, studies have found that dexmedetomidine effectively prevents and reduces POD in elderly patients. This article reviews the overview of POD, the related mechanisms of dexmedetomidine in preventing POD and research progress of dexmedetomidine in preventing POD in elderly patients, so as to further optimize the perioperative management and reduce the incidence of POD.