麻醉科医师应激与职业倦怠和负性情绪的相关性

Association of stress， burnout and negative emotions in Chinese anesthesiologists

中文关键词: 麻醉科医师  应激  职业倦怠  负性情绪

英文关键词: Anesthesiologist  Stress  Burnout  Negative emotion

中文摘要:

      
目的 研究麻醉科医师应激与职业倦怠和负性情绪的关系。
方法 于2020年5—7月对来自全国6个省市425名麻醉科医师，使用一般资料调查表、中国职业倦怠问卷（CMBI）、事件影响问卷（IES-R）、广泛性焦虑问卷（GAD-7）、患者健康问卷（PHQ-9）进行调查研究。采用单因素方差分析、Pearson相关分析、结构方程模型进行统计分析。
结果 在所调查的麻醉科医师中，48.7%存在不同程度应激，68.0%存在职业倦怠，75.3%和46.1%存在抑郁和焦虑情绪。31～40岁的麻醉科医师在应激、抑郁和焦虑评分上均明显高于其他年龄的麻醉科医师（P<0.05）。应激与职业倦怠(r=0.382, P<0.001)、抑郁(r=0.635, P<0.001)和焦虑（r=0.624，P<0.001）均呈正相关。结构方程模型表明职业倦怠在应激和负性情绪之间存在中介作用，中介作用占总效应的43.66%。
结论 麻醉科医师易出现应激及职业倦怠，导致抑郁、焦虑等负性情绪产生，应建立心理评估和干预机制，以提高麻醉科医师身心健康水平。

英文摘要:

      
Objective To investigate the relationship between stress, physician burnout and negative emotions in Chinses anesthesiologists.
Methods General information questionnaire, the Chinese version of the maslach burnout inventory, impact of events scale-revised, general anxiety disorder scale, and patient health questionnaire were distributed to 425 anesthesiologists from 6 provinces of China. Single factor analysis of variance, Pearson correlation analysis and structural equation modeling were mainly used to analyze the variables.
Results Among the anesthesiologists we surveyed, 48.7% of them had different degrees of stress responses, 68.0% had physician burnout, 75.3% and 46.1% had depression and anxiety. Anesthesiologists aged 31 to 40 had higher scores of stress, depression and anxiety than those of anesthesiologists of other ages (P < 0.05). Significant positive correlations were found between stress and physician burnout (r = 0.382, P < 0.001), depression (r = 0.635, P < 0.001), and anxiety (r = 0.624, P < 0.001). Structural equation model showed that physician burnout played a mediating role between stress and negative emotions, which included depression and anxiety. The mediation effect accounted for 43.66% of the total effect.
Conclusion Anesthesiologists are prone to have stress responses which lead to negative emotions such as depression and anxiety. Psychological evaluation and intervention mechanism should be established to improve the mental and physical health of anesthesiologists.