术后胃肠功能紊乱的临床研究进展

Clinical research progress of postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction

中文关键词: 术后胃肠功能紊乱  加速康复外科  预防  机制

英文关键词: Postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction  Enhanced recovery after surgery  Prevention  Mechanism

中文摘要:

      术后胃肠功能紊乱是常见的术后并发症之一。术后胃肠功能紊乱的发生机制包括：炎性刺激破坏肠道固有免疫屏障或激活下游炎性因子；交感神经激活；迷走神经功能抑制等。加速康复外科理念涉及术前的评估与准备、手术方式选择、术中麻醉管理、术后镇痛与并发症预防等内容，有利于术后胃肠功能紊乱的预防。全文通过对术后胃肠功能紊乱的相关研究进行总结，旨在优化临床防治策略，为确定进一步研究方向提供思路。

英文摘要:

      Postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction (POGD) is one of the common postoperative complications, which is presented as an overall concept. The mechanisms of POGD include that inflammatory response destroys intestinal immune barrier or activates downstream inflammatory mediators; sympathetic activation, parasympathetic inhibition, etc. Enhanced recovery after surgery involves preoperative assessment and preparation, selection of surgical methods, intraoperative anesthesia and management, postoperative analgesia and prevention of complications. It is beneficial for early recovery of gastrointestinal function. In this paper, relevant studies on POGD were summarized to optimize clinical prevention and treatment strategies and discuss ideas for further research direction.